Unpacking the perceptions of high-density living and zoning laws: a case of Philadelphia area, USA

America’s residential housing model of suburban sprawl has its own environmental impact compared to high-density residential models that are believed to operate more efficiently in other places. There is hesitation in America regarding enacting changes towards a more sustainable model. An understanding of the barriers inhibiting the implementation of high-density residential model is fundamental to changes in the current system. This study evaluated American perceptions of current living models, high-density models and understanding of zoning laws. A mixed-method approach was adopted involving 207 questionnaires with 14 follow-up interviews from participants in the Philadelphia area. Findings suggest young adults’ preference for high-density living with concerns for housing affordability and inequality crisis in America. The sampled population lacked awareness of residential high-density models and what it physically embodies including its impact on the surrounding population. Findings suggest lack of understanding of the zoning laws that have perpetuated America’s sprawling living model. These results are significant for planners, developers, and proponents of high-density models regarding planning housing models that sets up America into a more sustainable future.