The written production of argumentative and dissertation text: a didactic project based on Bakhtin's philosophy

This article is characterized as a theoretical and practical research related to a project developed during the year 2015 in two schools, one public and the other private, in the city of Birigui, State of São Paulo, Brazil. The main goal of the study was to analyze the pedagogical project and the teachers’ activities orientedtowards the teaching and learning of argumentative and dissertation texts. The methodology used in this research comprised: (i) visiting both schools, (ii) producing a description of ongoing school practices, with special attention to the teaching of argumentative and dissertation texts, (iii) suggesting an activity to the teacher in order to improve this apprenticeship, (iv) implementing this activity and (v) analyzing obtained results. The theoretical framework used for this study was the Bakhtinian philosophy (BAKHTIN, 2013; 2006a; 2006b; 2006c; 2006d; 2010; 2013; VOLOSHINOV, 1986). This theoretical approach was chosen due to the importance of comprehension of the text not just as a set of words, phrases and paragraphs;but as a structure of significance, in which we encounter linguistic forms, ideologies and discursive stance. At last, the results show that the texts that were analyzed and produced during the carried out project supported in the students’ development of argumentative skills, enhancing, this way, their capacity to argue and organize ideas in a formal communicative situation.