Abstract
Measurements of time-delays in seismic shear-wave splitting above small earthquakes typically display a scatter of often as much as ±80 per cent about the mean. Changes in the average time-delay appear to be related to changes of stress, but applications of this potentially powerful tool have been handicapped by the previously inexplicable scatter in time-delays above earthquakes. In contrast, measurements of shear-wave time-delays in controlled-source exploration seismics are typically well controlled and display little scatter. Previous estimates of possible causes of scatter cannot produce sufficient variation specifically above earthquakes. Here we show that 90°-flips in shear-wave polarizations due to fluctuating high pore-fluid pressures on seismically-active fault planes are the most likely cause of the scatter.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 39-44 |
Number of pages | 6 |
Journal | Geophysical Journal International |
Volume | 156 |
Issue number | 1 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 1 Jan 2004 |
Keywords
- crack-critical systems
- critically-high pore-fluid pressures
- scatter in time-delays
- shear-wave splitting
- 90°-flips