@article{db8e200ad02b48298c3e51d9119717d9,
title = "Texting to Reduce Alcohol Misuse (TRAM): main findings from a randomized controlled trial of a text message intervention to reduce binge drinking among disadvantaged men",
abstract = "Aims: To test the effectiveness of a theoretically based text-message intervention to reduce binge drinking among socially disadvantaged men. Design: A multi-centre parallel group, pragmatic, individually randomized controlled trial. Setting: Community-based study conducted in four regions of Scotland. Participants: A total of 825 men aged 25–44 years recruited from socially disadvantaged areas who had two or more episodes of binge drinking (> 8 UK units on a single occasion) in the preceding 28 days: 411 men were randomized to the intervention and 414 to the control. Intervention and comparator: A series of 112 interactive text messages was delivered by mobile phone during a 12-week period. The intervention was structured around the Health Action Process Approach, a comprehensive model which allows integration of a range of evidence-based behaviour change techniques. The control group received 89 texts on general health, with no mention of alcohol or use of behaviour change techniques. Measurements: The primary outcome measure was the proportion of men consuming > 8 units on three or more occasions (in the previous 28 days) at 12 months post-intervention. Findings: The proportion of men consuming > 8 units on three or more occasions (in the previous 28 days) was 41.5\% in the intervention group and 47.8\% in the control group. Formal analysis showed that there was no evidence that the intervention was effective [odds ratio (OR) = 0.79, 95\% confidence interval (CI) = 0.57–1.08; absolute reduction 5.7\%, 95\% CI = −13.3 to 1.9]. The Bayes factor for this outcome was 1.3, confirming that the results were inconclusive. The retention was high and similar in intervention (84.9\%) and control (86.5\%) groups. Most men in the intervention group engaged with the text messages: almost all (92\%) replied to text messages and 67\% replied more than 10 times. Conclusions: A theoretically based text-messaging intervention aimed at reducing binge drinking in disadvantaged men was not found to reduce prevalence of binge drinking at 12-month follow-up.",
keywords = "binge drinking, community based, deprivation, men, narrative, text message intervention",
author = "Crombie, \{Iain K.\} and Linda Irvine and Brian Williams and Sniehotta, \{Falko F.\} and Dennis Petrie and Claire Jones and John Norrie and Evans, \{Josie M.M.\} and Carol Emslie and Rice, \{Peter M.\} and Slane, \{Peter W.\} and Gerry Humphris and Wicketts, \{Ian W.\} and Melson, \{Ambrose J.\} and Donnan, \{Peter T.\} and Hapca, \{Simona M.\} and Andrew McKenzie and Marcus Achison",
note = "Acceptance in SAN OA article, VoR uploaded",
year = "2018",
month = sep,
doi = "10.1111/add.14229",
language = "English",
volume = "113",
pages = "1609--1618",
journal = "Addiction",
issn = "0965-2140",
publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd",
number = "9",
}