TY - CHAP
T1 - T-tubule remodelling and ryanodine receptor organization modulate sodium-calcium exchange
AU - Sipido, Karin R.
AU - Acsai, Károly
AU - Antoons, Gudrun
AU - Bito, Virginie
AU - Macquaide, Niall
PY - 2013
Y1 - 2013
N2 - The Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger (NCX) is a key regulator of intracellular Ca(2+) in cardiac myocytes, predominantly contributing to Ca(2+) removal during the diastolic relaxation process but also modulating excitation-contraction coupling. NCX is preferentially located in the T-tubules and can be close to or within the dyad, where L-type Ca(2+) channels face ryanodine receptors (RyRs), the Ca(2+) release channels of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. However, especially in larger animals, not all RyRs are in dyads or adjacent to T-tubules, and a substantial fraction of Ca(2+) release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum thus occurs at distance from NCX. This chapter deals with the functional consequences of NCX location and how NCX can modulate diastolic and systolic Ca(2+) events. The loss of T-tubules and the effects on RyR function and NCX modulation are explored, as well as quantitative measurement of local Ca(2+) gradients at the level of the dyadic space.
AB - The Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger (NCX) is a key regulator of intracellular Ca(2+) in cardiac myocytes, predominantly contributing to Ca(2+) removal during the diastolic relaxation process but also modulating excitation-contraction coupling. NCX is preferentially located in the T-tubules and can be close to or within the dyad, where L-type Ca(2+) channels face ryanodine receptors (RyRs), the Ca(2+) release channels of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. However, especially in larger animals, not all RyRs are in dyads or adjacent to T-tubules, and a substantial fraction of Ca(2+) release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum thus occurs at distance from NCX. This chapter deals with the functional consequences of NCX location and how NCX can modulate diastolic and systolic Ca(2+) events. The loss of T-tubules and the effects on RyR function and NCX modulation are explored, as well as quantitative measurement of local Ca(2+) gradients at the level of the dyadic space.
KW - Animals
KW - Calcium/metabolism
KW - Calcium Channels, L-Type/genetics
KW - Humans
KW - Muscle Proteins/genetics
KW - Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
KW - Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel/genetics
KW - Sarcoplasmic Reticulum/genetics
KW - Sodium/metabolism
KW - Sodium-Calcium Exchanger/genetics
U2 - 10.1007/978-1-4614-4756-6_32
DO - 10.1007/978-1-4614-4756-6_32
M3 - Chapter (peer-reviewed)
C2 - 23224896
SN - 9781461447559
VL - 961
T3 - Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
SP - 375
EP - 383
BT - Sodium Calcium Exchange: A Growing Spectrum of Pathophysiological Implications
PB - Springer
ER -