Optimization of duty cycles for LED based indoor positioning system

Olaoluwa R. Popoola; Waisu O. Popoola; Roberto Ramirez-Iniguez; Sinan Sinanovic

doi:10.1109/ICSAE.2016.7810219

Optimization of duty cycles for LED based indoor positioning system

Olaoluwa R. Popoola, Waisu O. Popoola, Roberto Ramirez-Iniguez, Sinan Sinanovic

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

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Abstract

In this paper, an optimal duty cycle, which increases packet delivery ratio (PDR) and reduces probability of collision is designed for packet transmission in an indoor positioning system based on a multiple LED estimation model (MLEM). MLEM improves positioning accuracy by identifying positions of overlap regions where light footprints from multiple LEDs. In MLEM, asynchronous LED transmitters send positional information at the same frequency, amplitude, and wavelength. Consequently, in an LED overlap region, transmitted packets collide and therefore are lost. Methods to avoid packet collision in this region are considered and based on keeping the hardware simple, packet-based pulse duration multiplexing is optimized to provide a time based pseudo-orthogonality between packets. Initial experiments showed a PDR of 0.5 in the overlap region. However, by defining the boundary conditions for non-persistent packet collisions, an exhaustive search for the optimal packet transmission configuration is carried out in this work. Results show that the optimum points occur at 0.09 and 0.1 duty cycles. The use of this optimal duty cycles improved PDR to 0.9 for transmission in the overlap region.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	International Conference for Students on Applied Engineering (ICSAE)
Publisher	IEEE
ISBN (Electronic)	978-1-4673-9053-8
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSAE.2016.7810219
Publication status	Published - Jan 2017

Keywords

duty cycles
LEDs
indoor positioning system

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10.1109/ICSAE.2016.7810219

Popoola, O.R. et al (2017) Optimization of duty cycles for LED based indoor positioning system
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Author accepted manuscript, 337 KB

Cite this

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title = "Optimization of duty cycles for LED based indoor positioning system",

abstract = "In this paper, an optimal duty cycle, which increases packet delivery ratio (PDR) and reduces probability of collision is designed for packet transmission in an indoor positioning system based on a multiple LED estimation model (MLEM). MLEM improves positioning accuracy by identifying positions of overlap regions where light footprints from multiple LEDs. In MLEM, asynchronous LED transmitters send positional information at the same frequency, amplitude, and wavelength. Consequently, in an LED overlap region, transmitted packets collide and therefore are lost. Methods to avoid packet collision in this region are considered and based on keeping the hardware simple, packet-based pulse duration multiplexing is optimized to provide a time based pseudo-orthogonality between packets. Initial experiments showed a PDR of 0.5 in the overlap region. However, by defining the boundary conditions for non-persistent packet collisions, an exhaustive search for the optimal packet transmission configuration is carried out in this work. Results show that the optimum points occur at 0.09 and 0.1 duty cycles. The use of this optimal duty cycles improved PDR to 0.9 for transmission in the overlap region.",

keywords = "duty cycles, LEDs, indoor positioning system",

author = "Popoola, {Olaoluwa R.} and Popoola, {Waisu O.} and Roberto Ramirez-Iniguez and Sinan Sinanovic",

note = "Accepted: email in SAN AAM uploaded: 27/9/16, no embargo as IEEE publication ",

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AU - Popoola, Olaoluwa R.

AU - Popoola, Waisu O.

AU - Ramirez-Iniguez, Roberto

AU - Sinanovic, Sinan

N1 - Accepted: email in SAN AAM uploaded: 27/9/16, no embargo as IEEE publication

PY - 2017/1

Y1 - 2017/1

N2 - In this paper, an optimal duty cycle, which increases packet delivery ratio (PDR) and reduces probability of collision is designed for packet transmission in an indoor positioning system based on a multiple LED estimation model (MLEM). MLEM improves positioning accuracy by identifying positions of overlap regions where light footprints from multiple LEDs. In MLEM, asynchronous LED transmitters send positional information at the same frequency, amplitude, and wavelength. Consequently, in an LED overlap region, transmitted packets collide and therefore are lost. Methods to avoid packet collision in this region are considered and based on keeping the hardware simple, packet-based pulse duration multiplexing is optimized to provide a time based pseudo-orthogonality between packets. Initial experiments showed a PDR of 0.5 in the overlap region. However, by defining the boundary conditions for non-persistent packet collisions, an exhaustive search for the optimal packet transmission configuration is carried out in this work. Results show that the optimum points occur at 0.09 and 0.1 duty cycles. The use of this optimal duty cycles improved PDR to 0.9 for transmission in the overlap region.

AB - In this paper, an optimal duty cycle, which increases packet delivery ratio (PDR) and reduces probability of collision is designed for packet transmission in an indoor positioning system based on a multiple LED estimation model (MLEM). MLEM improves positioning accuracy by identifying positions of overlap regions where light footprints from multiple LEDs. In MLEM, asynchronous LED transmitters send positional information at the same frequency, amplitude, and wavelength. Consequently, in an LED overlap region, transmitted packets collide and therefore are lost. Methods to avoid packet collision in this region are considered and based on keeping the hardware simple, packet-based pulse duration multiplexing is optimized to provide a time based pseudo-orthogonality between packets. Initial experiments showed a PDR of 0.5 in the overlap region. However, by defining the boundary conditions for non-persistent packet collisions, an exhaustive search for the optimal packet transmission configuration is carried out in this work. Results show that the optimum points occur at 0.09 and 0.1 duty cycles. The use of this optimal duty cycles improved PDR to 0.9 for transmission in the overlap region.

KW - duty cycles

KW - LEDs

KW - indoor positioning system

U2 - 10.1109/ICSAE.2016.7810219

DO - 10.1109/ICSAE.2016.7810219

M3 - Conference contribution

BT - International Conference for Students on Applied Engineering (ICSAE)

PB - IEEE

ER -

Optimization of duty cycles for LED based indoor positioning system

Abstract

Keywords

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