Cancer treatment: an overview of pulsed electric field utilization and generation

Patients diagnosed with cancer receive different types of treatments based on the type and the level of the tumour. An emerging treatment that differs from well-developed systematic therapies (i.e., Chemotherapy, Radiotherapy, and Immunotherapy) is Tumour Treating Field (TTF) treatment. Tumour behaviour under TTF treatment varies based on the electric field intensity; the process of exposing the tumour cells to an electric field is called electroporation. From the electrical perspective, the most efficient method for electroporation is to use a voltage pulse generator. Several pulse generator topologies have been introduced to overcome existing limitations, mitigate the drawbacks of classical generators, and provide more controllable, flexible, and portable solid-state voltage pulse generators. This paper provides a review of cancer treatment using TTF and highlights the key specifications required for efficient treatment. Additionally, potential voltage pulse generators are reviewed and compared in terms of their treatment efficacy and efficient use of electrical power.